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Inicio > Historias > Los mitos urbanos de la NASA
| Los mitos urbanos de la NASA |
2007-05-07 |
La NASA es un gran organismo. No sólo por su tamaño (y discutiblemente su presupuesto), sino por lo que hace. Todo lo que hace mueve la imaginación de las personas: se trata del espacio. El espacio es esa frontera futurista donde todo es posible, donde se piensa en vida extraterrestre, en viajes por planetas, en la falta de gravedad. Todo eso llama la atención de las personas. De ahí que la NASA sea una gran fuente de mitos urbanos, buenos y malos, verdaderos o falsos.
La NASA ha hecho avanzar a la Humanidad, de eso no hay duda. Mandar personas a otro mundo sólo lo ha hecho la NASA y eso sería ya más que suficiente como para remover nuestras conciencias y formas de ver el mundo: hay personas que han andado sobre una superficie que no es la de nuestro propio mundo y que han podido ver la Tierra lejana al completo levantando un poco la cabeza. Además la NASA también ha hecho avanzar la ciencia enormemente, suyos son cientos de descubrimientos en el Sistema Solar (gracias a sus naves sabemos como son esos mundos que de otra forma serían puntos de luz) y cientos de descubrimientos en nuestro planeta, su atmósfera, su campo magnético y su interior.
Méritos no les faltan y han cambiado la forma de ver a nuestra propia especia, han dado saltos de gigante en la ciencia y desarrollado espectacularmente la tecnología (cohetes, instrumentación, electrónica, comunicaciones, software...)
Pero no es menos cierto que hay mitos sobre ella que son falsos, al menos en parte. ¿Quién no ha oido hablar del Tang, ese zumo en polvo que refresca el verano? ¿O del Velcro?. Muchas personas piensan que son inventos de la NASA y que luego llegaron a la sociedad. Pero la realidad no es así. La NASA, al desarrollar sus actividades de tecnología punta crea nuevos dispositivos. Muchos de ellos son creados por alguno de los centros de la NASA y otros por Universidades o compañías que trabajan para ella. Esos nuevos procesos, desarrollos o inventos llevan consigo patentes que luego puede que acaben o no entre nosotros y además cualquiera sabe en que forma o con que utilidad. Todo lo que se hace en el mundo puede acabar repercutiendo en la sociedad. Pero desde luego el Tang, el teflón o el velcro no fueron el caso.
En los años 60 la tecnología no era lo que es hoy en día y la NASA estaba inmersa en desarrollar el programa Apollo. Por tanto cualquier novedad que tuviera una relación aunque fuera distante con la NASA era automáticamente etiquetada como 'made in NASA', aunque no tuviera nada que ver. Cierto que la NASA nunca ha hecho ascos a que se le asignen esos inventos, pero no creo que tenga que estar negando cada día lo que son rumores urbanos, al igual que tampoco tiene que estar afirmando lo que los conspiranoicos no creen (llegadas a la Luna, ocultación de ovnis y extraterrestres, caras en Marte, etc).
Veamos algunos ejemplos:
- El mito: La NASA para ir a la Luna desarrolló los circuitos miniaturizados y los ordenadores, dando como resultado lo que hoy dia tenemos en nuestras casas. La realidad: eso no fue así ya que esos avances se produjeron una década antes en varios laboratorios de Estados Unidos (Texas Instruments y Fairchild Semiconductor Corp.). La NASA si desarrolló un ambicioso programa de computación con IBM para preparar y realizar las misiones, lo que seguro que permitió a IBM avanzar en sus investigaciones.
- El mito: La NASA inventó el teflón que ahora se usa en las sartenes. La realidad: fue inventado por científicos de la empresa DuPont en 1.941. La NASA lo utilizó en sus trajes como aislante y debido a que poseía baja fricción. Esto dio popularidad al material y lo sacó del olvido.
- El mito: La NASA inventó el zumo en polvo para su astronautas y eso dio lugar al Tang. La realidad: el zumo fue desarrollado por la compañía General Foods en el año 1.957. La NASA le dio publicidad al usarlo en vuelos de las series Mercury y Gemini. Es lógico que la NASA use productos que ya están en el mercado, pero en aquellas fechas en las cuales no había tanto acceso a la información, era fácil achacar el invento a la Agencia Espacial.
- El mito: El velcro ha sido otro invento de la NASA y ahora se usa en muchos productos. La realidad: fue inventado por un ingeniero suizo llamado Georges de Mestral en 1.941 cuando paseando a su perro descubrió lo dificil que era sacarse del pantalón y de los pelos de su perro los frutos y semillas de algunas plantas como el 'cardo alpino'. La NASA lo utilizó en sus misiones por su facilidad de uso para algunas prendas de vestir.
Sin embargo ahora si que hay un producto que ha sido realmente desarrollado por la NASA y del que oiremos hablar en el futuro: el aerogel. Pero eso es otra historia de la que hablaremos otro día.
Enviado por Pedro_Sondas a las 10:47 | 118 Comentarios | Enlace
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Referencias (TrackBacks)
URL de trackback de esta historia http://5mentarios.blogalia.com//trackbacks/49229
Comentarios
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1
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Hola Pedro,
Habla pronto del aerogel, que me has dejado a medias jeje
Por cierto, no crees que tu blog podría tener la letra por defecto más grande?
Aún así con CTRL+RUEDA se agranda, que lo sepa todo el mundo
Salu2
(mallorca_sondas)
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2
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Ei Pedro,
Sobre una maqueta muy interesante,
¿Qué tal va la estación ISS que te regalo tu hermana?
¡Pon fotos de cómo va tu construcción particular!
Salu2
Guillem
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3
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| De: Anónimo |
Fecha: 2007-08-27 19:23 |
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Esto no se mueve!
Queremos noticias!
:-)
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4
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Interesante y sorprendente.
Enhorabuena por el blog.
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5
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| De: Raul |
Fecha: 2008-03-01 18:55 |
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Creo que Arthur Clarke sugirio el uso del velcro en el espacio en su novela "2001 Una odisea del espacio"
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6
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| De: hih |
Fecha: 2008-03-02 00:37 |
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el aerogel es la sustancia sólida menos densa que se conoce hasta el momento. tiene aspecto de "humo seco" y puedes ver a traves de el. pero no lo ha inventado la nasa, aunque lo utilizan en misiones espaciales. si alguien esta interesado viene explicado en wikipedia, y en algunas tiendas online se puede comprar, aunque es muy caro
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| De: hipnox |
Fecha: 2008-03-03 11:22 |
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Creo que ni el aerogel ha inventado la nasa: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerogel
saludos
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| De: Armando |
Fecha: 2008-03-17 06:16 |
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Para serte bien franco, no havia escuchado nunca esas atribuciones para NASA. Espero tu post sobre el aerogel.
Saludos
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9
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| De: Anónimo |
Fecha: 2008-04-08 19:18 |
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ESTE BLOG SE HA MUERTO POR COMPLETO. RECOMIENDO QUE PARA MAYOR INFORMACION VISITEN
http://astrored.org/
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10
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| De: Anónimo |
Fecha: 2008-04-12 20:39 |
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¿No serÃa mejor visitar la web del autor del blog: www.sondasespaciales.com ?
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Fecha: 2009-08-11 12:57 |
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QUE INTERESANTE SABES QUE TAMBIEN SE DICE QUE LAS GAFAS DE SOL ES UN INVENTO DE LA NASA Y SIN EMBARGO RESULTA QUE LO INVENTO UN BRITANICO PARA AYUDAR A PERSONAS CON PROBLEMAS DE LA VISTA O AL MENOS ESO TENGO ENTENDIDO POR QUE EN INTERNET CON TANTA INFORMACION UNO YA NO SABE QUE ES REAL
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